Badgers and invading hops. Climate change favors the spread of alien species

The arrival of non-native species, including giant snails and jackals, is becoming increasingly common in Estonia due to climate change. These species, previously unseen in the country, are establishing themselves as residents, and experts anticipate further incursions into Estonian forests. Invasive species typically enter Estonia through human travel and trade, both intentionally and unintentionally.

Unintentional introductions can occur via the movement of seeds or eggs in soil, such as those found in grain, or through items like shoe or tire designs and clothing. Specialist Merike Linnamägi of the Department of Nature Conservation of the Ministry of the Environment explained that other pathways include the spread of species on wood, large coins, ballast water from ships, or fishing equipment. “Intentional introduction is defined as any trade where there is no intention of introducing the species into the wild,” Linnamägi stated.

“Examples include the import of food, ornamental plants, and pets. Users of these species must ensure they do not allow them to spread beyond their intended use.” She added that introduced species can pose significant dangers, including the species themselves and any diseases they carry. This concern is heightened by climate change, which is altering conditions that may allow previously struggling species to thrive.

“Species that were once not doing so well in the garden may start to do better, and this is a clear sign that the species may also become a problem in the wild,” Linnamägi noted. “It’s certainly not worth thinking that if my grandmother grew this flower and it has never been dangerous, then it will stay safe. Nature is changing and new dangerous invasive species may surprise us.”

Topics: #species #climate #change